What type of phonological process is being described when the last sound of a word is omitted?

The identification of final consonant deletion as the correct type of phonological process is based on the description provided, which specifies that the last sound of a word is omitted. Final consonant deletion specifically refers to a common phonological process where the final consonant of a word is not articulated, resulting in an incomplete production of that word. For example, the word "cat" may be pronounced as "ca," where the final /t/ sound is dropped.

In contrast, the other processes listed involve different alterations to speech sounds. Cluster reduction involves the simplification of consonant clusters, where one or more consonants in a cluster are omitted, affecting sounds at the beginning of a word. Consonant harmony pertains to a phenomenon where one consonant in a word influences another, often resulting in a similar place of articulation, rather than omitting a sound altogether. Velar fronting occurs when velar sounds (like /k/ or /g/) are replaced with sounds produced at the front of the mouth (such as /t/ or /d/), which does not include the omission of any sound at the end of a word.

Thus, final consonant deletion accurately describes the phonological process of omitting the last sound of a word