What term is used to describe a communication disorder with a known anatomical, physiological, or neurological basis?

The term that describes a communication disorder with a known anatomical, physiological, or neurological basis is "organic." This classification is important because it highlights that the communication issues stem from identifiable physical causes, such as structural anomalies, neurological impairments, or other physiological conditions. Understanding that a disorder is organic can influence diagnosis, intervention strategies, and family education, as it provides clarity about the nature of the disorder and potential approaches to treatment.

In contrast, a functional disorder refers to communication problems that do not have a clearly identifiable organic cause, often rooted in behavioral, psychological, or developmental aspects. Congenital refers specifically to conditions present at birth, which may or may not be organic, while acquired describes disorders that develop after a period of normal communication ability, which can include both organic and functional causes. Thus, recognizing the distinction between organic and the other classifications is crucial for both clinical and therapeutic contexts.